Frozen Shoulder: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, presents with stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. It typically affects individuals between the ages of 40 and 60, with a higher incidence in women than in men. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments of this condition is crucial for effective management.

Causes:

• Age and Gender: Frozen shoulder is more common in individuals aged 40 to 60, and women are more prone to developing it than men.
• Previous Shoulder Injury: Those who have experienced shoulder injuries or undergone shoulder surgery requiring immobilization are at higher risk.
• Diabetes: People with diabetes have a higher propensity for frozen shoulder, although the exact reason is unclear.
• Other Health Conditions: Conditions like thyroid disorders, heart disease, and Parkinson’s disease have been linked to an increased risk.

Symptoms:

• Pain: Persistent pain in the shoulder joint, especially during movement or rest, is a common symptom.
• Stiffness: Gradual onset of stiffness in the shoulder joint, potentially worsening over time and limiting range of motion.
• Difficulty with Daily Activities: Tasks like reaching overhead, dressing, or combing hair become challenging.
• Painful Shoulder Muscles: The muscles surrounding the shoulder joint may become tender and painful upon touch.

Diagnosis:

Frozen shoulder diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and medical history review. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRI scans may be ordered to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.

Treatment Options:

The aim of treatment is to alleviate pain and stiffness while improving shoulder joint range of motion. Options may include:

• Physical Therapy: A physical therapist may prescribe gentle exercises and stretches to enhance flexibility and range of motion.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce pain and inflammation.
• Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the shoulder joint can alleviate inflammation and pain, facilitating better mobility.
• Hydro dilatation: This procedure entails injecting sterile fluid into the shoulder joint to stretch the capsule and enhance range of motion.
• Surgery: In severe cases where other treatments are ineffective, surgery may be recommended to release the tight capsule and enhance shoulder mobility.

Prevention:

Though preventing frozen shoulder entirely may not be feasible, certain measures can mitigate the risk:

• Regular Shoulder Exercises: Performing gentle shoulder exercises regularly helps maintain flexibility and prevents stiffness.
• Proper Posture: Good posture can prevent shoulder stiffness and pain.
• Avoiding Prolonged Immobilization: After shoulder injury or surgery, adhering to healthcare provider instructions regarding shoulder movement and exercises prevents frozen shoulder.

In conclusion, frozen shoulder is a common condition causing significant shoulder joint pain and stiffness. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options is vital for effective management and improved shoulder mobility. If experiencing frozen shoulder symptoms, consulting a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and tailored treatment is recommended.